![]() ![]() In particular, the mRNA and tRNA levels may differ across tissues and cell types, and quantitation can be biasedīecause of experimental challenges ( Wong et al. 2015).Ĭodon and anticodon pools have also been measured in multicellular organisms, such as mammals, which pose several additionalĬhallenges. Mismatching of these pools yields lower protein production ( Quax et al. Indeed, it has been shown in bacteria such as Escherichia coli and unicellular eukaryotes such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae that matching of these pools results in increased translation efficiency, leading to higher production of proteins. ![]() Because translation elongation relies on the codon–anticodon interaction, matching or mismatching of codon and anticodon To the growing polypeptide chain ( Dever et al. Landscape of translation elongation across mammalian cellular diversity and evolution.ĭuring translation elongation, the ribosome moves three nucleotides at a time along the mRNA transcript, as each codon complementarilyīinds to a corresponding anticodon triplet on a tRNA, which is charged with a specific amino acid (AA) that is then added This study, the first such examination of codon usage,Īnticodon usage, and translation efficiency resolved at the cell-type level with single-cell information, identifies a conserved Suggesting that the reduction of tRNA Ala (AGC) anticodon pools may be implicated in neurological pathologies. This results in faster decoding of the Ala-GCC codon, as determined by cell type–specific ribosome profiling, Translation efficiency over other cell types, driven by an increased supply of tRNA Ala (AGC) anticodons. ![]() Statistically significant correlation between amino acid supply and demand across almost all cell types. Integration of these data sets revealed a strong and We found that tRNA gene usage is overall coordinated across cell types,Įxcept in neurons, which clustered separately from other cell types. Of ATAC-sequencing measurements for the analysis of tRNA gene usage, we quantified anticodon usage and amino acid supply inīoth mouse and human single-cell ATAC-seq atlases. We determined that codon usage and amino acid demand are highly stableĪcross different cell types using available mouse and human single-cell RNA-sequencing atlases. In these pools across individual cells is unknown. The correlation between codon and anticodon pools influences the efficiency of translation, but whether differences exist ![]()
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